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Showing posts from April, 2022

Poverty

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                                                                                       TYPES OF POVERTY ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE POVERTY All other types of poverty can be reduced to these two: Absolute poverty  is measured in terms of access to basic necessities. It is defined in the  Declaration of Copenhagen  as: “A condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but on access to social services” (United Nations, 1995) Relative poverty  “refers to deprivation that is relative to the standard of living of other members of society” ( VISTA Integrated Training Program , 2008), i.e. an individual or house...

Claustrophobia

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  Claustrophobia T hough I do not experience it myself, claustrophobia is a fear that I have seen present in many peers as well as in the media. Claustrophobia, or the fear of tight and crowded spaces, is one of the most common phobias, and it can be triggered by a wide variety of scenarios. Some examples of these triggering situations can include riding on a crowded elevator, driving through heavy traffic, being in a windowless room, or even riding on an airplane. Any situation where the possibility of being permanently trapped or forced to remain inside arises, there is a chance that a person with claustrophobia could face the negative symptoms associated with the fear. For most patients, this is attributed to the fear of not being able to obtain the needed amount of oxygen to breathe, rather than simply being afraid of a small space. The confined space is normally just a trigger to induce a fear of what could possibly occur within that small area. Of course, it depends on the pe...